Supporting Upper Elementary Students in Learning AI Concepts with Story-Driven Game-Based Learning

This paper presents PRIMARYAI, a story-driven game-based learning environment for teaching AI concepts (specifically AI planning) to upper elementary students (ages 8-11), using a Use-Modify-Create scaffolding framework. The study evaluates learning outcomes and engagement through a classroom implementation with 16 students, finding significant learning gains and effective scaffolding support.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is quickly finding broad application in every sector of society. This rapid expansion of AI has increased the need to cultivate an AI-literate workforce, and it calls for introducing AI education into K-12 classrooms to foster students’ awareness and interest in AI. With rich narratives and opportunities for situated problem solving, story-driven game-based learning offers a promising approach for creating engaging and effective K-12 AI learning experiences. In this

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