Bidirectional Human-AI Alignment in Education for Trustworthy Learning Environments

Relevance: 6/10 2025 paper

This chapter develops a theoretical framework for 'bidirectional human-AI alignment' in education, arguing that trustworthy learning environments require both embedding human values into AI systems and equipping educators and students to interpret and critique these technologies. It provides a conceptual roadmap covering values, goals, interaction norms, and impacts on teachers, students, and institutions, with recommendations for policymakers and developers.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming education, offering unprecedented opportunities to personalize learning, enhance assessment, and support educators. Yet these opportunities also introduce risks related to equity, privacy, and student autonomy. This chapter develops the concept of bidirectional human-AI alignment in education, emphasizing that trustworthy learning environments arise not only from embedding human values into AI systems but also from equipping teachers, students, and in

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AI Tutors 1-to-1 conversational tutoring systems.
Personalised Adaptive Learning Systems that adapt content and difficulty to individual learners.
Teacher Support Tools Tools that assist teachers — lesson planning, content generation, grading, analytics.

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student autonomy AI educationcomputer-science