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Advancing Education through Tutoring Systems: A Systematic Literature Review
This systematic literature review analyzes 86 studies on Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) and Robot Tutoring Systems (RTS), examining their pedagogical approaches, AI techniques, engagement strategies, and effectiveness in delivering personalized K-12 instruction. The review identifies three system categories through Latent Class Analysis and evaluates technological advancements, learning outcomes, and ethical considerations.
This study systematically reviews the transformative role of Tutoring Systems, encompassing Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) and Robot Tutoring Systems (RTS), in addressing global educational challenges through advanced technologies. As many students struggle with proficiency in core academic areas, Tutoring Systems emerge as promising solutions to bridge learning gaps by delivering personalized and adaptive instruction. ITS leverages artificial intelligence (AI) models, such as Bayesian Knowl